Solutions for Climate Change Challenges in the Built Environment

Colin Booth, Senior Lecturer, Construction and Infrastructure, School of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Wolverhampton Felix N. Hammond, Lecturer, Construction and Infrastructure, School of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Wolverhampton Jessica Lamond, Post Doctoral Research Fellow, Construction and Infrastructure, School of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Wolverhampton David G. Proverbs, Professor and Head of Department, Construction and Property, Faculty of Environment and Technology, University of the West of England

Contributors xiii Chapter 1 Introductory Insights to Climate Change Challenges 1 Felix N. Hammond, Colin A. Booth, Jessica E. Lamond and David G. Proverbs 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Climate Change Theory 2 1.3 The Controversy and Context 5 1.4 Organisation of the Book 8 Chapter 2 Climate Change: Nature and Emerging Trends 11 Mark McCarthy 2.1 Introduction to the Climate System and Changes to the Radiative Forcing 11 2.2 Emerging Trends (Global) 13 2.3 Emerging Trends (UK) 17 2.4 Climate Trends and the Built Environment 19 2.5 Solutions 20 Chapter 3 Regional Implications 23 Ana Lopez 3.1 Introduction 23 3.2 Climate Modelling 23 3.3 Projections of Future Climate Change 27 3.4 Solutions to the Challenges of Interpreting Climate Change Projections for the Characterisation of Climatic Risks 30 Chapter 4 Urbanization and Climate Change 33 Felix N. Hammond, Kwasi Baffour Awuah Gyau and Stanislaus Y. Adiaba 4.1 Introduction 33 4.2 State of the World's Urbanization 33 4.3 Impact of Urbanization on Climate Change 35 4.4 How Does Urbanization Affect Climate Change? 36 4.5 Solutions for Change 39 4.6 Conclusion 41 Chapter 5 Global Political Initiatives and Overtones 45 Jean-Luc Salagnac 5.1 Introduction 45 5.2 Climate and the Built Environment 45 5.3 Background to Political Initiatives 47 5.4 Mitigation and Adaptation Policies 50 5.5 Solutions to Climate Change Challenges for the Built Environment 53 Chapter 6 Green Economics Dialogue and the Built Environment 57 Miriam Kennet 6.1 Introduction 57 6.2 Examples of Unsustainable Building Practices 59 6.3 The Choices We Face 62 6.4 Green Projects in Action 68 6.5 Conclusions 72 Chapter 7 Strategic Environmental Impact Assessment 75 Joseph Somevi 7.1 Introduction 75 7.2 Strategic Environmental Assessment 76 7.3 Contributions of SEA to Climate Change Solutions 77 7.4 Concluding Remarks 84 Chapter 8 Methods for Valuing Preferences for Environmental and Natural Resources: An Overview 87 Jessica E. Lamond and Ian Bateman 8.1 Introduction 87 8.2 Monetary Evaluation of Environmental Preferences: Theory 89 8.3 Methods for Monetary Evaluation of Environmental Preferences 91 8.4 Solutions to Valuation of Environmental and Natural Resources 95 Chapter 9 Ecological Value of Urban Environments 99 Ian C. Trueman and Christopher H. Young 9.1 Introduction 99 9.2 Ecological Value 100 9.3 Urban Habitats 101 9.4 Landscape Scales and Urban Areas 106 9.5 Ecological Implications of Climate Change 107 9.6 Implications of Climate Change for Urban Ecology 108 9.7 Solutions to Climate Change Challenges for the Built Environment 108 Chapter 10 The Pedological Value of Urban Landscapes 113 Jim Webb, Michael A. Fullen and Winfried E.H. Blum 10.1 Introduction 113 10.2 Urban Soils: The 'Grey Areas' on Soil Maps 113 10.3 Policy Responses for Urban Soils 119 Chapter 11 Insights and Perceptions of Sustainable Design and Construction 127 David W. Beddoes and Colin A. Booth 11.1 Introduction 127 11.2 Sustainable Construction 128 11.3 Drivers for Sustainable Construction 130 11.4 Rethinking Construction 135 11.5 Thoughts for Change 137 11.6 Concluding Remarks 138 Chapter 12 Progress in Eco and Resilient Construction Materials Development 141 Jamal M. Khatib 12.1 Introduction 141 12.2 Concrete 142 12.3 Brick and Masonry 144 12.4 Glass 145 12.5 Timber and Bamboo 145 12.6 Steel 146 12.7 Polymer-based Materials 147 12.8 Nanotechnology 148 12.9 Future Trends 149 Chapter 13 Energy Efficiency: Alternative Routes to Mitigation 153 David Coley 13.1 Introduction 153 13.2 Energy Efficiency 153 13.3 Carbon Sequestration and Climate Engineering 155 13.4 A Sustainable, Low-Carbon Future? 157 13.5 Solutions: Ab